1. Raw Material & Blanking: Qualified seamless / welded pipe per ASTM standard is cut to required blank length. For welded blanks,weld beads are ground flush with base metal.
2. Local Heating & Hot Press Forming:
The blank is locally heated by medium‑frequency induction heating. Hydraulic press and dedicated dies perform neck‑down compression to form concentric or eccentric taper shape. Eccentric reducers require precise offset control for flat‑side dimension. Large‑size reducers can adopt plate rolling & welding process as alternative.
3. Trimming & Sizing:
Cut off excess material at both ends, then calibrate roundness, concentricity / eccentricity and wall thickness to meet ASME B16.9 dimensional tolerance.
4. Heat Treatment:
Perform normalizing / stress‑relief annealing according to material requirement. Remove forming residua stress, optimize mechanical properties and ductility.
5. End Machining & Bevel Preparation:
Machine both ends to standard butt‑weld bevel as per ASME B16.25, guarantee fit‑up for site welding with pipes.
6. Surface Treatment:
Shot blasting removes scale and oxide. Carbon steel parts can be coated with anti‑rust oil; stainless steel gets pickling & passivation.
7. Inspection & NDT Test:
Carry out dimensional check, visual inspection, wall‑thickness measurement, PMI material verification.Non‑destructive testing includes UT / MT / RT as project required to detect internal and surface defects.
8. Marking & Packing:
Mark standard information (size, material, heat no., standard) on fitting surface. Protect bevel ends and pack for shipment.